Tracing Forest Risk along Commodity Chains (TRACC) 

Funding: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)
Project duration: 2026-2031
Countries covered: Cambodia & Laos (Rubber) and Cameroon & Ghana (Cocoa)

Funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), project TRACC asks how sustainable supply chain initiatives ‘see’ deforestation, what they remain blind to, and how they attribute responsibility for it. Three scales are engaged: the transnational level where ZDIs are designed and implemented, the ground-level where crops are established and forests lost, and the company-level where decisions of whether and how to engage those initiatives occur. We focus on two of the EUDR’s included ‘forest risk commodities’ – rubber and cocoa – selected for the prevalence of deforestation, smallholder producers, and ZDIs with heavy reliance on geospatial data in each sector. At the two more granular scales, we focus on the rubber sector, in which deforestation is particularly entangled with corporate land grabs, small farmer land tenure struggles, and market exclusion.

We propose this research at a pivotal moment in the evolution of global approaches to deforestation. The EU Deforestation Regulation will come into effect by the end of 2026 and represents the most stringent, large-scale zero-deforestation supply chain initiative enacted in history. It has already spurred shifts across commodity sectors and scrambles to pilot, assess, and improve methods for implementation which our research will inform. We address the central motivating question by pursuing four objectives:

Project Objectives

  1. Assess the use of geospatial data in traceability mechanisms across prominent rubber and cocoa sector ZDIs.
  2. Explore dynamics of the Deforestation-Land Tenure Nexus in rubber frontier regions in Laos and Cambodia.
  3. Compare private sector strategies, practices, and impacts for reducing rubber-driven deforestation in their Mekong Region supply chains.
  4. Co-develop a best practices protocol with implementers for integrating land tenure and smallholder inclusion considerations into rubber and cocoa ZDIs.

Project Team

JULIET LU

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Dr. Juliet Lu (she/her) is an Assistant Professor in the School for Public Policy and Global Affairs and the Department of Forest Resources Management at the University of British Columbia. She is a political ecologist focused on the implications of China’s growing investments in land and other resources in Southeast Asia and beyond.

SOPHIA CARODENUTO

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Dr. Sophia Carodenuto (she/her) leads the Environmental Governance Group and serves as Director of UVic’s Global Development Studies program. A political geographer, her research demonstrates how land and forest resources are embedded in sustainability and equity processes at multiple scales, with a particular focus on global to local interactions. Her work on global food systems and supply chains sits at the intersection of public policy, corporate accountability, and environmental justice. She brings these themes into the classroom, most notably through the Agroecology Field School in Belize, where students engage directly with the social, ecological, and political dimensions of food systems. Before joining UVic, she was a Fellow at the University of Oxford’s Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET) and a Visiting Scholar at Yale University’s School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. From 2012 to 2016, she was based in Cameroon, where she established and managed a regional hub for UNIQUE land use covering Central and West Africa.

ERIC MENSAH KUMEH

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Dr. Eric Mensah Kumeh (he/him) is an Assistant Professor jointly appointed in the Department of Forest Resources Management and the Faculty of Land and Food Systems at the University of British Columbia. His work sits at the intersection of critical agroforestry, political ecology, and land-use governance, with a long empirical focus on cocoa and tree-crop systems and the smallholders who sustain them across sub-Saharan Africa. A former development practitioner, he combines field experience with decolonial scholarship to ask how global sustainability rules — like the EUDR — reshape rural livelihoods.

SARAH GERGEL

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Dr. Sarah Gergel (she/her) is a Professor in the Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences at the University of British Columbia. Her research areas include: Mapping and Quantifying Ecosystem Services; Social-ecological Landscapes and Resilience Historical Dynamics of Large River-floodplains; Mapping & Monitoring with First Nations and LEK and High-Resolution Image Analysis (satellite imagery and historical aerial photographs)

THAO NGUYEN

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Thao Nguyen (he/him) is an MSc student in the Faculty of Forestry at UBC and will be entering his PhD in September 2026. He is a social science researcher working at the nexus of the environment and human livelihoods, specifically focusing on the impacts of various sustainability initiatives on commodity chains and forest-dependent local communities in the Mekong region. His theoretical approach draws insights from sustainable livelihoods, political ecology, as well as human and environmental geographies. His research methodologies are primarily qualitative, relying on ethnographic fieldwork, and his research so far has been made possible in part through collaboration with local organizations, including the Centre for Development and Environment based in Laos.

HTET HTET PYONE

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Khin Htet Htet Pyone (she/her) is a PhD student at the Faculty of Forestry at the University of British Columbia. Originally from Myanmar (Burma), she is an interdisciplinary scholar with a diverse background in geospatial analysis and community-based research. Her current research explores agricultural expansion at different scales and its interconnected impacts on deforestation within Southeast Asian landscapes, using approaches from political ecology and spatial data analysis. Prior to her PhD, Htet Htet worked with local and international NGOs, research institutes, and consulting firms, focusing on forest and land governance initiatives across Myanmar and Mainland Southeast Asia. Most recently, she worked as a Graduate Research Fellow at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, where she conducted land-use mapping to detect agricultural transitions and community conservation areas in Myanmar.

Expected Outputs

The proposed research program will train 4 graduate students in interdisciplinary methods on a cutting-edge topic of political and environmental importance. It will result in at least 5 peer reviewed journal articles, tools for practitioners in the ZDIs we study, and contributions at the intersection between literatures on sustainable supply chain governance and land change science.

Learn More

If you are interested in learning more about the project, please send an email to juliet.lu@ubc.ca with "Information: TRACC Project" in the subject line, or reach out to any of the contributors. You can also find us on LinkedIn!